Medicine is faced with the emergence of microorganisms that are resistant to most antibacterial drugs. More and more strains and bacterial pathogens are resistant to antibiotics. The COVID-19 is just one of the possible evils that humanity may face. The director of the Institute of Experimental Medicine, Doctor of Biology, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.V. Dmitriev and his colleagues: Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Doctor of Biology, Corresponding Member of the RAS O.V. Shamova and Head of the Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Microorganisms, Doctor of Medicine A.E. Goncharov gave an interview which is devoted to the search for a solution to this problem.